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Written by Navneet Kaur, M.Sc. Nutrition & Dietetics
Diet
Iron deficiency anaemia is a common medical condition that occurs when there is a lack of sufficient iron in the body to produce an adequate amount of haemoglobin – the protein responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues. This condition can have a range of effects on overall health and well-being, impacting everything from energy levels to cognitive function.
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One of the most prominent signs is persistent fatigue and weakness. This occurs because oxygen delivery to the body's cells is compromised due to reduced haemoglobin levels.
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Individuals with iron deficiency anaemia often exhibit paleness, especially on the face and inside the lower eyelids. The reduced red blood cell count leads to a lack of healthy skin colouration.
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Insufficient oxygen supply to the body can result in shortness of breath, even with minimal physical exertion. This can be particularly noticeable during activities that were previously manageable.
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Poor circulation due to anaemia can lead to cold extremities. The body prioritizes oxygen delivery to vital organs, leaving hands and feet with less oxygenated blood.
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Inadequate oxygen levels reaching the brain can lead to headaches, dizziness, and difficulty concentrating. This can impact daily activities and cognitive function.
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Iron deficiency anaemia can cause nails to become brittle, concave, or spoon-shaped. This change in nail appearance is often a telltale sign of the condition.
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Unusual cravings for non-nutritive substances such as ice, clay, or paper, a condition called pica, might indicate an underlying iron deficiency.
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Some individuals with iron deficiency anaemia experience discomfort in their legs, often described as a "creepy-crawly" sensation, especially when at rest.
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Reduced oxygen delivery to immune cells can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and slower recovery times.
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Anaemia can lead to an increased heart rate as the body tries to compensate for the reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
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Iron deficiency anaemia is a condition that can significantly impact an individual's quality of life. Recognizing the signs and symptoms early on is crucial for proper diagnosis and timely intervention.
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